Guide lines for Gender – Based violence interventions:
Terms and definitions:
The following are the terms and definitions used in this
Guide lines to clarify meaning of the terms used.
Gender based violence:
GBV is an umbrella terms for any harmful act that is
perpetrated against a persons will and that is based on socially ascribed
differences between males and females. Around the world GBV has a grater impact
on women and girls than on men and boys. The terms GBV highlights the gender
dimensions of these types of acts – the relationship between females
subordinate status in society and their increased vulnerability to violence. It
is important to note, that men and boys may also be victims of GBV, especially
sexual violence.
Sexual violence includes
·
sexual exploitation, abuse and forced
prostitution.
·
Domestic violence
·
trafficking
·
Forced/ early
marriage
·
Harmful traditional practices such honor
killings, etc.
Gender – refers to the social differences between
male and females that are learned and though deeply rooted in every culture,
are changeable over time, and have wide variations both within and between
cultures. ‘Gender’ determines the roles responsibilities and limitations for
male and for females in any culture.
Perpetrator – Person, group or Institution that
directly inflicts or supports violence or other abuse inflicted on another
against her / his will.
Rape / Attempted rape:
It is an act of non
consensual sexual intercourse. Rape and attempted rape involve the use of
force, threat of force and / or
coercion. Any penetration is considered as rape.
Rape of women and of men is often used as a weapon of war,
as a form of attack on enemy or enjoying the victory and degradation of its
women.
Rape / Attempted rape includes
·
Rape of an adult female.
·
Rape of a minor (male or female)
·
Gang rape
·
Marital rape between husband and wife.
·
Male rape known as sodomy.
Sexual abuse:
is a threatened physical intrusion of a sexual nature.
whether by force or coercive conditions.
Survivor Victim:
is a person who has experienced gender based violence. The
terms victim and survivor can be used interchangeably. Victim is a term often
used in the legal and medical sectors. Survivor is the term generally used in
the psychological and social support sectors.
Humanitarian workers.
It includes all workers engaged by humanitarian Agencies, to
conduct the activity of that Agency.
GBV working group:
A group of multi’
sector actors that meets regularly to design, establish, coordinate, monitor
and evaluate action to prevent and respond to sexual violence. Working group
should include multi sector actors from the community, government, UN, INGO /
Local NGO’s.
Child / Minor:
Person under the age of 18 evaluate and understand the
consequences of their choices and give consent for sexual acts.